Here, we found no evidence that the developmental response to low larval nutrition in the ladybird beetle resulted in an adult phenotype suited to low adult food.
An arms race between conifers and herbivorous insects, such as bark beetles, results in the diversification of constitutive defense and stress-induced genes in conifers [ 97].
For the first time, a decrease in the functional diversity in communities of copro-necrophagous beetles resulting from changes in land use is documented, the potential implications for ecosystem functioning are discussed and a series of variables that could improve the evaluation of functional diversity for this biological group is proposed.
RNASeq was performed with dissected larvae and adult beetles, resulting in four sample pools: adult guts, adult rest body, larval guts and larval rest body.
The fact that offspring of Italian ancestral and Swiss beetles resulted in offspring with intermediate diapause response (Frick and Johnson 1973; Szűcs et al. 2012) indicates that the time between adult emergence and first oviposition is at least partly genetically determined in L. jacobaeae.
In addition to enhancing the understanding of the relevance of dietary plasticity to the evolutionary biology of dung beetles, these results open the way to a more general understanding of the ecophysiological implications of differential dietary selection on the ecology and biogeography of these insects.
Heavy spraying for the bark beetle control resulted in indirectly killing robins and other birds in the Midwest, as well as throughout the northeast United States.
The NNYADP website at www.nnyagdev.org includes Shields' research reports on development of the alfalfa snout beetle biocontrol solution, the results of NNYADP-funded field and laboratory trials developing alfalfa snout beetle-resistant alfalfa varieties, and more recent studies of the impact of the biocontrol nematodes on corn rootworm and on applying the biocontrol nematodes in liquid manure.
In this study we document for the first time the drastic decrease in the functional diversity of dung beetle communities that results from habitat alteration in two of the three biosphere reserves studied.
The current state of knowledge does not support the common assumption that increases in bark beetle activity have resulted in increased wildfire activity.
