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As a rule, the greater the linkage disequilibrium associated with a gene, the more likely that the gene has been under recent selection.
As more data are obtained on the functionality of regulatory motifs and regions and on areas of the human genome which have been under recent selection, further scans may be able to reduce the large number of insertions possibly related to recently evolved human-specific functionality.
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The variants in LARGE (found to be under recent selection) are present only in certain West African and West African derived populations and are estimated to have emerged between 3000 and 10,000 years ago.
The gene positions (Table S1) located in genomic regions determined to be under recent selection regions are summarized.
The list of genes that appeared to be under recent selection and its functions are summarized in Additional file 9.
To test if population structure influenced rEHH detection, we repeated the whole Italian Holstein dataset analysis (i.e. the "redundant" dataset comprising father-son pairs and all available half-sibs per family) and focused on genes or gene clusters that are well known to be under recent selection in cattle (i.e. "control regions").
Proving that the lactase gene has been under recent positive selection in Northern Europe is difficult.
Of the 13 genomic windows containing elevated |iHS| scores, marking loci likely to have been under recent directional selection in Ghana, 11 were observed in both of the local population samples.
This signal, termed extended haplotype homozygosity (EHH), suggested that 1264G had been under recent positive evolutionary selection (15, 16).
An allele of this gene associated with pale skin colour and red hair, was recently located in the Neanderthal sequence [ 49] which suggests that this gene was also under recent selection in human evolution.
The researchers searched for SNPs that were flanked by tens of thousands of bases of identical DNA in many individuals in a population, because this suggests that the mutation is advantageous and under recent selection pressure to be preserved in a lineage.
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