YY1 function and modulation of chemotherapeutic response in vitro was studied using small interfering RNA knockdown.
Because pancreatic cancer cells are highly invasive, the effect of PIAS4 knockdown was studied using Boyden chamber assays.
The dependence of TRPM8 expression on the presence of ERα was studied using small interfering RNA to knockdown ERα.
Functional cellular analysis of the effect of RNAi knockdown was studied using the AP-1 bla ME180 CellSensor.
Until now, CENP-F loss of function has only been studied in vitro using knockdown or dominant-negative technologies.
The function of TLF has been studied in worm, frog and fish using knockdown and dominant negative strategies [ 54, 55, 70, 76].
Also, in adult mouse cardiomyocytes, surface Cav1.2 and calcium transients were studied after small hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of BIN1.
Using knockdown studies they were able to show that the loss of NKX3.1, a transcription factor that is absent in 80% of metastatic prostate cancers, dramatically increased expression of QSOX1 in early stages of prostatic neoplasia and throughout the progression of invasive prostate cancer, but was not shown to be present in the normal prostate [ 15].
Genes with the highest change in expression following hypoxia or DMOG stimulation, namely ANGPTL4, EFNA3, TGFβ1 and VEGF, were selected for studies using RNA knockdown.
Therefore, it is not unexpected that recent studies using si/shRNA knockdown [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] and yeast two-hybrid screening implicate host cell factors in HIV reverse transcription [6], [7], [8].
