The Xin repeat is known to further define an actin binding domain and a minimum of 3 Xin repeats is required to bind with actin filaments [6], 8. Recently, the full-length mXinα with 15 Xin repeats was shown to bundle actin filaments [9].
There are other cell division proteins that have been shown to promote bundling of FtsZ filaments, including ZapA of B. subtilis and E. coli (Gueiros-Filho and Losick, 2002; Small et al, 2007), and the E. coli protein ZipA (RayChaudhuri, 1999; Hale et al, 2000), but the FtsZ bundles formed by these proteins do not display the regular, highly organized structure seen for FtsZ SepF tubules.
Dynein and Ncd (the Kar3p homolog) have previously been shown to move microtubule bundles to the centrosome in Drosophila [5], and dynein has also been shown to transport pericentrin (the Spc110p homolog) and γ-tubulin to the centrosome in mammalian cells [13].
CRMP1 4 bind to tubulin heterodimers and microtubules, while CRMP4 has been shown to promote F-actin bundling [20], [27], [28].
Lasp-2 has been shown to form F-actin bundles in vitro at a high molar ratio to actin of over 1/2 [1/2.
Compliance with the resuscitation bundle has been shown to reduce mortality, particularly when more components of the resuscitation bundle are accomplished within specific time limits [ 4, 8- 10].
However, IsdB linker shares 70% sequence identity to the IsdH linker region, which has been shown to adopt a three-helix bundle structure in solution.
This SMA copolymer has also been shown to extract the α-helical bundle protein bacteriorhodopsin [ 26, 27] and the β-barrel protein PagP [ 27] from DMPC vesicles.
In contrast, many other actin binding protein probes have been shown to create circles and large bundles when over expressed [24], [25].
