It has been shown that the obliteration of capillaries by exposure to ionizing radiation can reduce blood supply to laryngeal and tracheal cartilage and lead to cartilage malnutrition [6].
Indeed, at least for microorganisms and cultured cells, it has been shown that coating with sugars, such as trehalose, increases survival after long-term exposure to UV and ionizing irradiation [19], [20], [21].
8– 14 Moreover, it was shown that downregulation of DAB2IP was resistant to ionizing radiation 15 and contributed to a poor prognosis in several types of malignancies.
Recently, it was shown that glioblastoma CD133+ cells have a better chance of survival after ionizing radiation, through the induction of the repair of damaged DNA [48].
It is shown that the most dramatic changes in comparison with rectangular quantum wells are for wider investigated edge-doped structures with bigger number of ionized impurities.
Several studies have shown that ionizing radiation-induced FN1 is associated with radiation resistance, cell motility, and fibrosis [ 26– 30].
Also, AIIB2 has been shown to synergize with ionizing radiation to significantly decrease AKT-mediated ionizing radiation resistance of breast cancer cell lines.
In addition, the careful application of ionizing radiation has been shown to inhibit microbial growth.
By the same token, although large doses of ionizing radiation have been shown unequivocally to cause certain types of cancer, the carcinogenic effects of small doses, like the average dose typically received from background radiation, have not been demonstrated.
Conversely, ionizing radiation has been shown to upregulate MHC molecules and Fas-receptors in vivo [ 12].
