It should be noted that the mNSC-ablated flies were not resistant to paraquat in the current study (data not shown) although they had been shown previously to be resistant to this oxidant [14].
Although it has been shown previously that transient stretch-unstretch fluidizes the cytoskeleton (CSK), these prompt mechanical effects have been attributed entirely to the disruption of actin-myosin crosslinks and other weak stress-bearing bonds [6], [7], [16] [21].
Many of the Stroop tests rely on color discrimination, which has been shown previously to be unaffected by moderate hypoglycemia although may become impaired with more profound hypoglycemia (29).
Treatment of cells with compounds that result in mitochondrial toxicity has been shown previously to result in lipid droplet formation, although this was attributed to lysosomal processing of lipids from damaged mitochondria rather than inhibition of β-oxidation.
Although it has been shown previously that ESCs can contribute to extraembryonic lineages (Beddington and Robertson, 1989; Canham et al., 2010; Lallemand and Brûlet, 1990; Macfarlan et al., 2012; Suemori et al., 1990), these events occurred at a low frequency.
Although it has been shown previously that inclusion formation is not a prerequisite for αSyn-induced toxicity in yeast [ 23, 28, 29], we observe here that in the cog6Δ2αSyn-GFP strain, toxicity is strongly correlated with the extent of cytosolic inclusion formation and that RPS3A counteracts this.
It did not consider pathogen infection rate, sporulation rate, spore dispersal and spatial configuration of mixture components although they have been shown previously to be important for reducing disease development [ 2- 6] and some of them may affect host-pathogen co-evolution as well [ 30].
Although PDK1 was shown previously to exhibit tumorigenic activity, direct evidence for its involvement in invasion has not been reported.
A corresponding mgl gene was not detectable in the genome of C. variabile DSM 44702, although this strain was shown previously to produce methanethiol [ 4].
It has previously been shown that although alanine subsititution of tyrosine285 (Y) results in enzyme inactivation, a phenylalanine change is tolerated indicating that the presence of an aromatic ring at this position is of key importance [ 85].
