Sentence examples for been sampled over a from inspiring English sources

In the first approach we estimated nucleotide substitution rates from begomovirus and mastrevirus sequences that have been sampled over a number of years (referred as our "short-term substitution rate" estimates) and used these rates to infer credible bounds on the age of the MRCA of the OW and NW begomoviruses.

First, given that FC populations have been sampled over a much larger area (25 × 25 km, Fig. 1) than the SFC populations (5 × 5 km), this higher genetic differentiation is unlikely to be caused through isolation-by-distance or by greater environmental variation among SFC populations.

Previous attempts to demonstrate that genetic variation of foundation species determines the community composition of associated species have been criticized on the grounds that genetic variants have been sampled over a large geographical area, and the differences between them have been tested in a single site [ 8– 10].

In each home, continuous PM concentrations were sampled over a range of particle sizes.

A full-scale AD plant utilizing cattle manure and energy crops was sampled over a period of 12 weeks.

Sampling followed a modified BACI design, where control and impact sites were sampled over a period of 22 months, before and after logging.

Sampling took place in the spring and summers of 2001-2003; all the plots on a given forest were sampled over a three or four day period.

In the summer of 2009 counts of larvae and additional potential covariate data were sampled over a regular quadratic grid with the sample plots arranged 500 m apart.

For each country, 7 10 study fields were sampled over a gradient of increasing proportion of semi-natural habitats in the surrounding landscape.

Plant communities were sampled over a large (∼600 000 ha) semi-arid landscape in western Colorado, within piñon juniper woodlands, sagebrush shrublands, and grasslands, and over conditions ranging from relict areas without livestock grazing to heavily utilized areas.

First, this paper proposes the foreground-mask sampling to localize the candidates of abandoned luggage items by calculating the intersection of a number of background-subtracted frames which are sampled over a period of time.