In some cases however, the duplicate is retained as functional gene and either a new function is acquired by one of the copies or the ancestral function is maintained or subdivided between the two copies [ 63].
These protogenes can be retained as functional de novo genes if they are adaptive (Carvunis et al. 2012).
The gene fragments carried by the Tgm inverted repeat ends appear to be retained as functional exons/introns within the element.
In some cases, however, both strands from the same hairpin are retained as functional miRNAs, which are annotated as miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p, respectively, depending on which arm of the hairpin they are derived [ 9].
She has been retained as an adviser.
In addition, the functionalities of pK, HSV-1 TK, and mRFP1 proteins on the Ad vector were retained as confirmed by corresponding functional assays, indicating the potential multifunctional application of this new Ad vector for cancer gene therapy.
(2) Tar N is retained as heterocyclic compounds, nitrile, or amine functional groups bonded to aromatic rings, and 4-[ 4-aminophenyl)methyl]aniline is the main nitrogen-containing compound.
Following gene duplication, selection pressures may be altered relative to nonduplicated genes, and those that tend to be retained as duplicates may preferentially belong to functional groups that are under different selection pressures than those that are not.
He was retained as painter to George III.
Domenech, surprisingly, was retained as national coach.
