Conversely, the effects of melatonin on leptin secretion have been previously demonstrated [ 23– 28], although there is currently not a clear consensus in the literature regarding the effect of pineal gland hormone on mediation of leptin production.
The finding of a U-shaped association between sleep duration and BMI has to the best of our knowledge not been previously demonstrated in adolescents, although it is in accordance with the only previous study investigating this in children [ 28], as well as with several studies on adults [ 29- 31].
Although it has been previously demonstrated that A. tumefaciens is capable of transforming various fungi including the Ascomycetes, the transformation conditions must be optimized because the transformation frequencies vary among fungal species and strains.
The linker glycosylations have been previously demonstrated to interact with cellulose [ 32], although their physiological role has not been fully elucidated.
Although lymphopenia has been previously demonstrated in ferrets, comprehensive analysis of white and red blood cell populations in whole blood from severely infected ferrets has only recently been performed (Belser et al., 2011; Zitzow et al., 2002).
The inverse relationship of triglycerides and HbA1c in normal controls and individuals with type 1 diabetes observed with HbA1c below 7.5 is less well explained although it has been previously demonstrated [ 11, 30, 33].
Although it had been previously demonstrated that transient depletion of T cells through apoptosis could lead to long-term immune tolerance, the underlying mechanism responsible for this tolerance induction and maintenance was unknown.
Although it has been previously demonstrated that the chemical modification of PDMS reduces RhB adsorption, the use of CHAPS as a surface modification agent has not been reported to the best of our knowledge.
The grapevine crown gall tumor epiphyte strain Rr 2 17 possess a single AHL synthase homolog although it has been previously demonstrated that strain Rr 2 17 could produce AHLs of various chain lengths [ 11].
Although it has been previously demonstrated that the ingestion of large amounts of the tubers can cause diarrhea [ 47], the fact that animals of both control and treated groups exhibited such alterations suggests that these data are unlikely to be side effects associated with administration of the dry extract.
