The design of the studies was also significantly associated with the degree of correlation, with the highest agreement being observed in randomized studies and the lowest in non-randomised studies (p < 0.001).
This period starts from the date of screening, when the patient is exposed to the risks of screening (for example, pain, worry, and potential complications such as perforation or infection 3 4), to the point in time when the benefits (for example, reduction in cancer mortality) are observed in randomized screening trials.
This is what has been observed in several randomized trials of Supportive Expressive Group Psychotherapy.
Although not undisputed [ 62, 63], remarkable effects of acarbose on blood pressure and newly diagnosed hypertension have been observed in the randomized controlled STOP-NIDDM trial [ 64], aiming at preventing type 2 diabetes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
Similar results have been observed in a randomized controlled trial of patients with liver transplantation [ 104, 105] and in studies of cardiac [ 105] and lung [ 96] transplant recipients independent of the time following transplantation.
Moreover, only marginal effects on lung function have been observed in phase II, and phase III randomized clinical trials aimed at testing the efficacy of a combination of the corrector Lumacaftor and the potentiator Ivacaftor [11 14].
Whereas limb fat after 24 months had increased by 851±255 grams in patients allocated to NVP/LPV/r, a progressive loss of limb fat commencing after 3 months and reaching a decline of 684±292 grams by 24 months was observed in those randomized to ZDV/3TC/LPV/r.
No drop-outs were observed in three randomized controlled trials (Ehlers et al., 2003, 2005; Smith et al., 2007).
