Sentence examples for been observed in captive from inspiring English sources

Nevertheless, the study "provides a very interesting first exploration" into the "post-distress behavior of elephants," says Graeme Shannon, a behavioral ecologist at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, adding that the findings are "intriguing because they parallel what has been observed in captive and wild non-human primates, further underlining the complex cognitive abilities of elephants".

These signature whistles have been observed in captive dolphins for decades, but new research is the first to reveal how these sea mammals use the sounds when one pod meets another in the ocean. .

We expect seasonal variation in feeding, as has been observed in captive adult gray seals [63] and many other marine mammals [64].

Inbreeding depression has not only been observed in captive, laboratory and domestic species (Ralls et al. 1988; Frankham et al. 2002; Kristensen and Sørensen 2005), but also evidence for the occurrence of inbreeding depression in wild populations is accumulating (Crnokrak and Roff 1999; Hedrick and Kalinowski 2000; Keller and Waller 2002).

A significantly higher prevalence of bartonellae was observed in captive animals than in animals from breeder facilities (p<0.001).

Forms of morning sickness have also been observed in domestic dogs and captive rhesus monkeys and chimpanzees.

To the best of our knowledge, tumors have never been observed in Spalax wild or captive individuals, as compared to laboratory mice that tend to develop age related cancer.

Deterrence of natural populations of herbivores has only rarely been observed in previous studies, because most have used captive trials and tested for reduced herbivore performance as the measure of induction, sometimes finding no effect on specialists [16].

Other researchers had noted that the hearing of captive bottlenose dolphins and a captive false killer whale declines over time, but this had never been observed in the wild.

Furthermore, the carry-over effects of captive breeding into subsequent wild-born generations have been observed in the reduced fitness of some stocks [20].

However, the behavior observed in captive raccoons in which they carry their food to water to "wash" or douse it before eating has not been observed in the wild.