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Traditionally, fatigue crack initiation has been modelled based on strain-life relations whereas fatigue crack propagation has been modelled using fracture mechanics concepts.
For a given schedule, which has been modelled based on component types, all possible decompositions into sub-processes are determined.
Also, the slotted composite shaft has been modelled based on first order shear deformation theory using finite element method with shell elements.
The output voltage of the stack has been modelled based on load current and the fuel cell operating conditions such as temperature, air pressure and partial pressure of oxygen, humidity of the membrane.
To evaluate the validation of the engineering application of the dimensionless model, exergy efficiency and exergy consumption cost of the integrated PV driven ASHP system (PV-ASHP) have also been modelled based on the max PV conversion efficiency.
In addition, the structure of CagL has been modelled based on the crystal structure available from TraC of pKM101, another VirB5 ortholog [ 47].
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The stagnation flame synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles from titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) is modelled based on a simple one-step decomposition mechanism and one-dimensional stagnation flow.
In this paper, skin colour is modelled based on a reflectance model of the skin, the parameters of the camera and light sources.
The leaf-internal sink strength for CO2 is modelled based on a biochemical model of photosynthesis (von Caemmerer 2000), but simplified by omitting carboxylation-limited conditions (see Supporting Information or Schymanski 2007; Schymanski et al. 2009 b ).
In particular, the traffic emissions caused by acceleration and deceleration of vehicles are modelled based on an instantaneous emission model integrated with a microscopic traffic simulation model.
In this type of problem, the damaged zone ahead the crack tip is modelled based on the fictitious crack model.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com