Of the 17,200 functionally annotated genes on the maize microarray, about 5% (930) encoded genes have been implicated in cell wall polysaccharide synthesis, lignin synthesis, or in metabolic pathways leading to the synthesis of wall constituents.
It is possible that the absence of a functional Sln1-Ssk2 arm of the HOG pathway in the ATCC 2001 strain exacerbated defects due to deletions of cell-wall-related genes: the SHO1 arm of the HOG pathway has been implicated in cell wall integrity in C. albicans (Roman et al., 2005), and a deletion of SHO1 renders C. glabrata hypersensitive to cell wall stress (Schwarzmüller et al., 2014).
The expansin and the XET proteins have been implicated in cell wall loosening.
They have also been implicated in cell wall integrity [ 10] and in plant defence [ 11].
In addition to the GT2 genes described in the sections above, several other glycosyl transferase (GT) gene families have been implicated in cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis.
Transcripts of CesA10, CesA11 and CesA12 genes are abundant in vascular bundles and these have been implicated in secondary wall cellulose synthesis [ 4].
Cellulases, or more correctly endo- 1,4 -β-glucanases, arendo- 1,4 -β-glucanasesn implicatendo- 1,4 -β-glucanasesis, rendo- 1,4 -β-glucanasesion in plares.
Slt2p phosphorylation triggers a number of cellular responses, one of which is the transcriptional activation of a variety of genes that have been implicated in cell wall assembly and structure [ 23].
Additionally, genes encoding enzymes in methionine metabolism (homocysteine S-methyltransferases and methionine adenosyltransferases), cytoskeleton components (TUB, TUA, ACT), sucrose synthase (PtrSuSY1, PtrSuSY4), and encoding several AG P/FLAarabinogalactan proteins that have been implicated in secondary wall biosynthesis are among the most highly expressed genes.
