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Local and systemic expressions of proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated as mediators of pain.
Some of these neurotransmitters have also been implicated as mediators of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) [4, 5].
Background: Oxygen free radicals have been implicated as mediators of tissue damage in patients of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Catecholamines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and leptin, the adipocyte specific hormone, have all been implicated as mediators of impaired insulin sensitivity.
The EphB receptor tyrosine kinase family and their ephrinB ligands have been implicated as mediators of skeletal development and bone homeostasis in humans, where mutations in ephrinB1 contribute to frontonasal dysplasia and coronal craniosynostosis.
This Gram-positive bacterium possesses specific surface proteins such as fibronectin-binding proteins, collagen-binding proteins, and fibrinogen-binding proteins, which have been implicated as mediators in specific bacterial binding to the extracellular matrix and subsequent biofilm development [1, 5 7].
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In this case, if the association between child adiposity and maternal feeding style is reduced when maternal weight perception or concern is added into the regression model, perceptions and concerns are implicated as mediators.
The cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been implicated as important mediators of the inflammatory reaction in patients with intestinal inflammation.
The neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors have recently been implicated as novel mediators of carcinogenesis in many tissues.
While Rel family members have previously been implicated as possible mediators of HIV- and Tat-dependent transcription [100], the precise mechanisms of this regulation remain unclear.
For example, endothelial cells [3], [19], neutrophils [30], and macrophages [17], [30] [32] all have been implicated as potential mediators of VEGF release, but when each cell type is important is not known.
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been implicated as intermediate
been regarded as mediators
been identified as mediators
been described as mediators
been characterized as mediators
been postulated as mediators
been demonstrated as mediators
been investigated as mediators
been discussed as mediators
been recognized as mediators
been hypothesised as mediators
been considered as mediators
been reported as mediators
been implicated as targets
been suggested as mediators
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