This method was implemented previously in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) (15– 17) and was validated by the discordant associations of maternal and paternal smoking with offspring birth weight (14), reflecting the known intrauterine effects of maternal prenatal smoking on birth weight.
In addition, cross-validation of routine data gathering and centralized surveys has been implemented previously (24 ).
The control of the dynamics of VocalTractLab is based on the concept of sequential target approximation (TA), which has previously been implemented in various forms, as reviewed in [28].
Genome-wide protein tagging approaches have previously been implemented in Drosophila [ 8] and in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae [ 28- 31].
Recognition of the risks, the development of an innovative methodology and the provision of the means by which geotechnical risk could be managed effectively during construction, gave confidence to all stakeholders to proceed with a method of construction that had not previously been implemented successfully in the Himalaya.
Such silicones have not previously been implemented in OCT phantoms, but are commonly used in biomechanics studies of deformation of very soft tissues [ 63, 64].
While the Embedded Phenomena framework has previously been implemented in elementary classrooms, none of these investigations has specifically tested for effects of the simulation activities on domain-specific conceptual learning, or the relationship of learning with students' spatial thinking skills.
We employ several accounting-based financial accounting property measures that have previously been implemented in prior research and test whether adopting the German Accounting Law Modernization Act had an impact on these measures.
