The contributions to those conserved residues that were identified as functionally important by Ota et al. [47] (namely, E7 and F8) are mainly from the third and fifth components which are correlated to bulkiness and helix capping propensity, respectively.
In this scheme two proteins from a single genome (query proteins), both predicted to be homologous to a third protein in a different genome (fusion protein), are identified as functionally associated (i.e. take part in a common biological process).
Furthermore, diverse ESS associated with the low part of the glycolysis pathway were identified as functionally similar to multiple metabolic pathways.
Interestingly, some of these alternative enzymes were identified as functionally conserved in this work, suggesting not only the absence of a conserved canonical route but also important alternative enzymatic steps.
Many genes have been identified as being functionally linked to obesity, diabetes, and heart disease in flies, and those effects can be exacerbated by diet (Diop and Bodmer 2012).
Recently, survivin has been identified as a structurally and functionally unique member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family that is highly conserved during evolution (Wenzel et al, 2000) and involved in the regulation of both apoptosis and cell cycle progression (Li et al, 1998, 1999).
Moreover, from a kinase silencing screen in RCC cell lines deficient for VHL, CDK6 has been identified as one of the targets to be functionally associated with the viability of kidney cancer cells and, in addition, can be affected by a small molecule inhibitor (Bommi-Reddy et al, 2008).
With the exception of genes that have been identified as those responsible for QTLs, most of the functionally characterized genes in rice have not been analyzed for allelic variation and functional differences in natural populations.
Members of the IL-17 family of cytokines, as well as the functionally related IL-23, have been identified as new players in the molecular events during sepsis.
PYCARD has been identified as an adaptor protein for NLRP3 and NLRP1, and it is functionally required for the NAIP5 and NLRC4 inflammasomes [12].
