This is illustrated by the case of CYP6CM1 whose implication in neonicotinoid resistance has been functionally demonstrated; although in the present study, no significant correlation was found.
The target gene selection was augmented by parsing the literature for candidate factors, i.e. yeast and mammalian proteins that have been functionally demonstrated to be involved in trafficking.
(The term ICR is more properly reserved for those gDMRs that have been functionally demonstrated, either through targeted mutagenesis in the mouse or the occurrence of mutations in imprinted gene syndromes, to control imprinted expression in cis of several genes in a cluster).
Firstly, the concentration of the endogenous IFN γ may be too low to stimulate the IFN γR; secondly, IFN γR is functionally inactive, as demonstrated in renal cell carcinomas (Dovhey and Ghosh, 2000); and, finally, STAT-1 lacks TGCT, as shown in pul-monary carcinoma and malignant melanoma cells (Kaplan et al, 1998; Lee et al, 1999).
These data are consistent with the existence of functionally selective ganglia that have been demonstrated in other species (Ardell and Randall, 1986; Gatti et al., 1995, 1997; Randall et al., 1986a, 1986b).
Chromosomal clustering of functionally related genes has been demonstrated in various eukaryotes, including the yeast, fruit fly, nematode, and human [ 1, 5, 7, 8].
TCR-grafted T cells have been demonstrated to be functionally active both in vitro [18] and in vivo [19], [20].
This is the first single biomarker that has been demonstrated to be functionally involved in stem cell maintenance.
