However, our present observations provide only limited evidence for such a selfing syndrome in Bulbophyllum clade C. A notable exception is B. erectum, in which auto-pollinating (Type II) individuals were found to differ from outcrossing conspecifics both in several attraction traits (i.e. reduced flower size and number; A. Gamisch, pers. observ).
Such a moth has been found and has been observed pollinating the flowers of this amazing orchid.
The most exciting and unusual examples of deceit, traps, and manipulation of pollinators are to be found in those orchids that are pollinated by male euglossine bees (species of the bee tribe Euglossini).
The largest differences between pairs of species were found between the two species pollinated by bees and each of the other species (R = 1.00, P < 0.001 in all cases) (Fig. 3).
The same significant relationship was found for Gala (Fig. 2b) with hand pollinated greater than open pollinated (Z2,371 = 10.88, P < 0.0001) which was greater than pollinator excluded fruit (Z2,371 = 8.11, P < 0.0001).
The same treatment effects on fruit set were found for Gala (Fig. 1b), hand pollinated blossoms set more fruit than open pollinated blossoms (Z2,354 = 5.89, P < 0.0001) which again set more than pollinator excluded blossoms (Z2,354 = 5.72, P < 0.0001).
It was found that the low level of sunlight entering the greenhouse also reduced the performance of bees used to pollinate strawberries and other crops.
Jepson said yellow-faced bees could be found elsewhere in the world, but these particular species were native only to Hawaii and pollinate plant species indigenous to the islands.
The leafcutter bee Lithurgus apicalis has been observed to pollinate the flowers.
