Sulfated low molecular weight lignins (LMWLs) have been found to bind in the heparin binding sites of coagulation proteinases.
Like syndecan, nucleolin has been found to bind HGF's heparin-binding domain, thereby sequestering HGF on the cell surface.
Similarly, in zebrafish, TCN2 has been found to bind the analogue cobinamide, while still efficiently binding Cbl (Greibe, Fedosov, Nexø, et al. 2012).
In addition to binding to and inhibiting Wnt signaling, SFRPs have been found to bind to Frizzleds directly, or in a complex with Wnts, thereby activating Wnt signaling.
Peptide triazoles have been found to bind to a highly conserved site that overlaps the CD4 binding site on gp120.
AGP has also been studied in pigs as a binding factor of pheromones, but has not been found to bind progesterone in pig nasal mucosa [ 54].
The protein Sam68 (Src-associated in mitosis, 68 kDa) has been found to bind to SH2 and to SH3 domain-containing proteins and to RNA.
Although many growth factors have been found to bind FN directly or indirectly, here we identify peptide sequences of growth factor binding sites in FN.
Sulfated low molecular weight lignins (LMWLs), designed as oligomeric mimetics of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs), have been found to bind in exosite II of thrombin [12].
Many are tantalizing because they have been found to bind with specific ion-channel receptors, the holes in cell membranes that allow for chemical changes to take place that can cause or halt disease.
For example, in the PDB, dihydrotestosterone has been found to bind with 37 proteins, which belong to only three targets (Table 2).
