The Center For Disease Control found that prostate cases and deaths are particularly high in Florida, according to their most recent report in 2009.
As was seen with the expression of the PSA gene [ 12], it was found that in prostate cancer cells there is an H2A.Z reorganization that poises the oncogene promoters for activation.
Using a ChIP-based microarray approach, it was found that in prostate cancer and PC3 cell line around 5% of promoters (16% with CpG islands and 84% without CpG islands) were enriched with H3K27me3, a modification that marks inactive chromatin.
Interestingly, the relevance of Eph ephrin signalling in CIL has been studied in metastatic cancer cells, where it was found that homotypic collisions between two prostate cancer cells displayed CIL that was facilitated by EphA/Rho/Rho kinase signalling.
In the study of Chao Y, it was found that E-cadherin expression in prostate cancer metastases was inversely correlated with size of metastasis, with increased E-cadherin expression in small metastases compared with large ones [ 15], suggesting that the EMT was likely occurring in the metastases.
It was found that while Trp53 inactivation in the mouse prostate failed to produce neoplasia, and Pten inactivation produced non-lethal invasive prostate cancer after a long latency, the combined inactivation of Trp53 and Pten in the prostate elicited invasive prostate cancer in mice as young as two weeks of age.
In a recent clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of green tea extract (GTE) on prostate cancer, it was found that the GTE had minimal clinical activity [ 7, 8].
The miRNA expression data set is one of a few public available genome-wide data sets; in the only other data set that is known to us (Lu et al, 2005) it is found that miRNA expression consistently is downregulated in prostate, while the pattern in colon is less clear.
Here, it was found that the expression of EIF3S3 is increased also in untreated prostate cancers.
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and cathepsin L (CTSL) are epithelial proteins that have been found abundantly expressed in prostate adenocarcinomas [ 5, 6].
