Similar ideas on bypassing data association at the price of tracking 'less informative' estimates have been exploited in recent multi-target tracking schemes, such as the probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter [4, 5] and the Bayesian occupancy filter (BOF) [6].
This has been exploited in recent microarray studies, where expression profiles of normal fed and starved larvae were compared: Indeed, starvation led to a strong downregulation of genes involved in mitochondrial translation, respiration, TCA cycle, fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial transport [7], [8].
This contrast has been exploited in recent studies of Al-substituted ferrihydrite, where the observable Al NMR signal could be unambiguously assigned to diamagnetic Al impurities and quantified to give the total amount of Al in these diamagnetic impurity phases.
This species has been exploited in recent breeding of willow to produce triploid progeny with superior performance, as was observed in this study and in the work of others (I. Shield, personal communication) [ 5].
The use of RNAseq to analyze and characterize the transcriptomes in prokaryotic as well as in eukaryotic cells has been exploited in recent times [ 15, 17, 26, 55- 58].
In general, N-terminal modifications of chemokines led to variants with reduced activity and antagonistic potential, a characteristic that has been exploited in recent studies that varied the N-terminal amino acids of CCL5 and CX3CL1 in a phage display library, yielding interesting novel antagonists (Dorgham et al, 2009; Gaertner et al, 2008).
This concept was exploited in recent studies using two novel bio-engineered fusion proteins, one that consists of human Fc regions of IgG1 and IgE linked together and another a fusion protein made by linking an allergen to human IgG1 Fc region[73].
This approach has been exploited in some recent methods [ 15, 19– 21] where parallelism occurs within a single pair of sequences, to avoid data dependencies within the alignment matrix.
Somewhat ironically, it appears therefore that retroviral integrations that occurred in the ancient past have in more recent times been exploited in the human genome to diversify defence genes to counter modern day virus threats.
Although the link between the TP53 pathway and ribosome biogenesis has been exploited in animal models of ribosome biogenesis, recent studies have shown variable responses to TP53 inhibition or knockout.
They have been exploited in education.
