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It has been established that active Smad signaling contributes to breast cancer local invasion and distant metastasis.
It has been established that active, i.e. retrotransposition-competent, L1 elements in the mouse genome [ 2, 3] outnumber by many fold those found in the human genome [ 3, 4].
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In the event that autophagy of such proteins continues, as would be expected as a part of normal turnover, a steady state between lysosomal redox-active and non-redox active iron would be established that is dependent on the cytosolic amounts of these proteins.
It has been established that the active form increases its own rate of activation via various self-recruitment mechanisms (Raftopoulou and Hall 2004; Li et al. 2003).
Note that we chose this mutually inhibitory structure on experimental grounds: It has long been established that HE is active together with its excitatory motor pool of interneurons, EP; additionally, HE and HF activate in antiphase (Fig. 1) [2].
However, monokaryotic lab strains have been established that express an active bW/bE heterodimer under control of regulated promoters (induced by either arabinose or nitrate).
It has been established that at maximal activation the active isometric force of skeletal muscle is proportional to the length of overlap between the thick and the thin filaments, in other words, to the number of myosin heads that are able to interact with the thin filament (10, 11).
In the last decade it has been established that both pro and active forms of host derived Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are present in the oral cavity.
It has been established that apoptosis arises from the active initiation and propagation of a series of highly orchestrated specific biochemical events leading to the cell demise.
This lack of immune response has become particularly evident with the study of tumours induced by the restricted expression of oncogenes in transgenic mice where it has been established that tumour-associated leucocytes are often active participants in the neoplastic process.
Fewer data are available for the Yap and Palau arc systems, but it has been established that the Yap arc is no longer active volcanically since the Late Oligocene or Miocene, right after its collision with the Caroline Ridge (Hawkins and Batiza 1977; McCabe and Uyeda 1983).
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