The proteasome has been documented to regulate the balance between cell proliferation and meiotic entry in C. elegans [ 30].
TIEG1 is an early TGF- β1 upregulated transcription factor that has been documented to regulate apoptosis in several tumour cell lines.
Hong Kong also has a larger population than Guangzhou (6.8 million vs. 3.7 million).We examined three environmental factors which have been documented to regulate virus survival and transmission: temperature, relative humidity and absolute humidity.
Nevertheless, mesodermal HD proteins do not exclusively act through these atypical motifs as Hox TFs have been documented to regulate other muscle enhancers through HD-common binding sites (Capovilla et al., 2001; Enriquez et al., 2010).
Chromatin structure and epigenetic modifications of genomic structure have been documented to regulate gene expression and affect replication, recombination and DNA repair [ 6, 7] through various mechanisms including nucleosome positioning and occupancy, histone modification (mainly acetylation and methylation) and DNA cytosine methylation [ 8, 9].
Specific to AD, the ALP has been documented to regulate APP turnover and Aβ metabolism (Mueller-Steiner et al, 2006; Nixon, 2007; Pickford et al, 2008; Rohn et al, 2011; Yang et al, 2011) as well as Tau protein degradation (Wang et al, 2009, 2010; Kruger et al, 2012; Schaeffer et al, 2012; Caccamo et al, 2013; Ozcelik et al, 2013).
Since, diabetic heart disease is associated with altered cardiac gene expression, it may be reasonable to hypothesize that this miR-mediated cardiac reprogramming via On/Off switch mechanism and Volume control mechanism may trigger the transcription of specific proteins that are documented to regulate the expression of their specific miRs (as discussed in Table 1) via On/Off switch mechanism.
GSK-3 β has been documented to be regulated by Akt and is involved in EMT through the regulation of Snail.
Although VIP activity has been documented to be regulated in a cAMP-dependent manner, there are additional cAMP-independent mechanisms capable of transducing VIP function.
There are relevant data to support this hypothesis; crude oil, fuel oils, or specific PAHs have been documented to up-regulate known apoptotic proteins in juvenile cod, to increase programmed cell death in cultured dolphin renal cells, and to trigger apoptotic DNA fragmentation in ovarian and liver cells of the juvenile channel catfish [ 96- 98].
Ribosomal proteins have been documented to be tightly co-regulated in other organisms such as yeast [ 41] and to be stage-specifically regulated in the apicomplexan Eimeria tenella[ 42].
