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High strain in soft tissues that overly bony prominences are considered a risk factor for pressure ulcers (PUs) following spinal cord impairment (SCI) and have been computed using Finite Element methods (FEM).
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Forward model simulations are computed using finite difference equations generated by network analogs to Maxwell's equations.
Forward model simulations are computed using finite difference equations generated using Maxwell's equation or computed using Divided Difference method using Taylor series ( PBG Report 2014).
Tandon and Rana [21] have studied the flow of blood through the axi-symmetric stenosis and the results are computed using finite element method.
To minimize errors, the mode shapes are first smoothed by regressive discrete Fourier series, after which their spatial derivatives are computed using finite differences.
For revealing the effects of slip on such characteristics as friction force and load-bearing capacity of sliding bearing, shear flows of a Newtonian fluid with a varying partial slip surface were computed using finite volume method.
A numerical approach is developed for modeling and simulation of the cake growth, in which, initially, a three-dimensional non-Newtonian flow field of power law drilling mud is computed using finite difference method, and then, radial permeation of the filtrate and the rate of cake growth is accomplished by an explicit Runge-Kutta method.
The Jacobian of the cost function with respect to the parameters being estimated was computed using finite differences.
The spectra were computed using finite Fourier transform which decomposed time series into sums of sine and cosine waves of varying amplitudes and wave lengths.
Maximum principal stress (Stress-P1) and stretch (Stretch-P1) were computed using finite element method (FEM) in ADINA8.6.1 (ADINA R&D, Inc., USA).
min imize μ s. t. μ ≥ Z i t e r + ∑ i ∑ j (Y i j − Y i j k ) (∂ Z ∂ Y i j ) Y i j = Y i j k ∀ k = 1, 2,... i t e r ∑ j Y i j ≤ P max ∀ i ∑ i Y i j ≤ T max ∀ j ∑ i ∑ j Y i j ≤ M M a x The partial derivates are computed using finite difference methods.
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