However, the biosynthesis of the 12-membered RAL (RAL12) subclass of BDLs has not been characterized up till now, despite the important biological activities of these compounds and their potentially interesting biosynthetic mechanisms.
Potassium channels (K+ channels), a large and diverse class of ion channels, are targets of a large number of toxins that have been characterized up to now (Carbone et al., 1982; Miller et al., 1985; Galvez et al., 1990; Garcia et al., 1994; Swartz and MacKinnon, 1995).
Finally, the thermal diffusivity of coatings was characterized up to 523 K with the use of laser flash method and thermal conductivities of coatings were determined.
We show that every unitary representation π of a connected Lie group G is characterized up to quasi-equivalence by its complete moment set.
Similarly, the ordered field of real numbers, (R, 0, 1, +, ×, <), can be characterized up to isomorphism by the first-order axioms for an ordered field, together with the second-order sentence expressing the least-upper-bound property.
From the point of view of linear algebra, vector spaces are completely understood insofar as any vector space is characterized, up to isomorphism, by its dimension.
The five WSSV variable loci previously identified [11], variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci ORF75, ORF94 and ORF125, and variable regions ORF14/15 and ORF23/24, were characterized up to the nucleotide level as described [10].
Under these notations, the Dürer structure of the previous section with has coordination and is characterized, up to a circular permutation, by the vector.
In line with other complex diseases [ 27], the results remain consistent with the polygenic paradigm and suggest that while much of the genetics of MS remains to be characterized, up to 350 independent variants account for a significant fraction of the genetic component of MS. A genome-wide meta-analysis of MS was recently completed and reported [ 24].
Until now, this stage has been characterized by the up-regulation of Fgf5 expression and downregulation of zfp42/rex1, in a population still expressing Oct4 [45], [46], [46], a pattern that is also observed in our data.
In these respects, ACE has been characterized as a bottom-up culture-dish approach to the study of the economy.
