Recently a further homolog from Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 was characterized to encode a phycocyanin-β155-bilin lyase.
Relatively few genes that have been functionally characterized to encode enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway are induced by DBM feeding, but many of the genes of this pathway just failed the call to be significantly differentially expressed at stringent conditions.
One gene (hadA at BPF-specific locus 10) has recently been characterized as encoding an epithelial adhesin/invasin plausibly contributing to HaeBPF virulence (36 ), but the function of the others, and any part their products may play in the serum resistance of the HaeBPF clone that endows it with pathogenic potential, remains to be established.
After two steps of reversed-phase HPLC separation with brain extract, the structure of a 1381 Da peptide was sequenced to the GYRKPPFNGSIFamide (named crustacean-SIFamide). Subsequently, the cDNA has been characterized and encodes a 76 amino acid precursor protein that contains a signal sequence, one copy of GYRKPPFNGSIFG and one additional peptide.
Three NOS isoforms has been characterized, each encoded by different chromosomes.
Two murine promoters have been characterized: RAR-beta1, encoding the RARβ1 and RARβ3 proteins, and RAR-beta2, encoding RARβ2 and RARβ4 [ 35, 36].
So far, human cDNAs have been characterized encoding for the RAGE receptor and a truncated soluble form lacking the transmembrane and the cytosolic domain.
In recent years, many genes have been characterized that encode plant MTS, for example; the linalool synthase gene from Clarkia breweri (Dudareva et al. 1996), the geraniol synthase from Ocimum basilicum (Iijima et al. 2004), and α-terpineol synthase from V. vinifera (Martin and Bohlmann 2004).
The muscle identity genes that have been characterized functionally to date all encode various types of transcription factors.
A number of viruses that have been characterized encode proteins modifying autophagy through UPR to their own advantages during infection.
