Before 1975, this was attributed to bladder neck obstruction and treated by bladder neck surgery but subsequently it has been determined that most of this group are born with gross bilateral VUR.
Perforation, scarring, hemorrhage, lacerations, and tearing of the bowels, kidneys, uterus, and bladder have been attributed to seat-belt restraint.
Loss of E-cadherin has previously been attributed to an unfavourable prognostic significance in bladder cancer (Baumgart et al, 2007).
Bladder overactivity has been attributed to detrusor muscle dysfunction, and several in vitro and in vivo methodologies have been developed to better understand its pathophysiology [ 1].
In bladder cancer, field cancerisation has been attributed to age-related methylation of DBCCR1 in normal epithelium (Habuchi et al, 2001).
There are also micturition-triggered TCHs though these conditions are very rare, but all the reported cases were found attributed to bladder pheochromocytoma and the headache symptom was associated with elevation of blood pressure following micturition [5, 6].
Involvement of a region in the dorsal midbrain (Table 1 and Fig. 2a) was also detected in a fMRI study in rats and could possibly be attributed to activation of nociceptive bladder afferent nerves since measurements of immediate early gene expression in the brain after bladder irritation with cyclophosphamide identified this region [21].
The improvement in bladder function could be attributed to the introduction of exercises involving the bladder muscles, diaphragm, and pelvis and the biofeedback therapy.
The increase in weight in the last week can be attributed to the urinary retention (full bladder was noted upon dissecting all the animas of this group (Group II).
Cancers of the renal pelvis and bladder may be attributed to excess analgesic consumption, a cause of renal failure [ 9, 29, 30].
