Such sex differences in schizophrenia prevalence and severity have usually been attributed to protective effects of estrogen in females, although influences from other hormones appear also to be involved (reviews in Mendrek and Stip 2011; Hayes et al. 2012).
The utility of trehalose as a cryoprotectant has been attributed to its protective interactions with lipid membranes, stabilization of labile proteins during freezing-thawing, its chemical stability and the ability to form stable glasses during cooling of cells for cryopreservation[31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37].
Thus, in addition to being an antioxidant, which has been attributed to its protective role against MeHg embryotoxicity (Ornaghi et al. 1993), the present study demonstrates that NAC actually lowered MeHg levels in fetuses and placenta.
Thick coatings exhibit a frequency dispersion in the Bode phase diagram which has been attributed to a self-protective reaction of the coating involving an enriched phosphorus layer and electrolyte.
The low prevalence of allergic disease in the rural tropics has been attributed to the protective effects of chronic helminth infections.
The low prevalence and incidence of trypanosome infections in calves has also been attributed to the protective effect of maternal immunity that does not prevent calves from becoming infected but mitigates the adverse effect of such an infection by reducing the parasitaemia to a very low almost undetectable level (Fiennes, 1970).
The beneficial effect of low tidal volume (TV) ventilation strategy on mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been attributed to the protective effect on ventilator-induced lung injury, and yet its effect on cardiovascular function might also play an important role.
administered at different times before or after PTX (10, 20, and 40 mg kg−1 i.v .. ZD6126 given 2 or 24 h after PTX showed no significant benefit, a result that was attributed to a protective effect of PTX against ZD6126-induced vascular damage and tumour necrosis, a hallmark of VDA activity.
The high prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the tropics and Mediterranean areas is attributed to a protective effect against clinical P. falciparum malaria [3], [4].
