In addition to pathological changes in the lungs, COPD has been associated with extra-pulmonary manifestations which contribute to disease severity [ 2].
Select cell-bound complement activation products have been associated with extra-renal flares in cSLE and aSLE, with confirmation from longitudinal studies being awaited [ 60].
Idiopathic FSGS has not been associated with extra-renal manifestations, and while HIVAN is due to systemic disease, there are no extra-renal manifestations that are associated specifically with these kidney diseases.
In rheumatoid arthritis, increased frequencies of CD4+CD28null T cells in peripheral blood have previously been associated with extra-articular manifestations and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, but their presence in and contribution to joint manifestations is not clear.
The type of referral and number of fits were associated with extra care in ICU but this association was wholly explained by the clinical status of the patient on admission to MNH and prolonged time lag to delivery.
A few extra years of school is associated with extra years of life and vastly improved health decades later, in old age.
After assessing the PHMs knowledge and attitudes, the study explored the association of demographic information with knowledge and attitudes, and then examined how such individual factors, knowledge, and attitudes were associated with extra precautionary behaviors.
But following any one of them was associated with extra years of life –- and the more of them people followed, the longer they lived.
