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> -wrap-foot> The corpus has been annotated by a team of three experts, or more concretely, by the creators of the HPO (Prof. Peter Robinson, Dr. Sebastian Köhler and Dr. Sandra Dölken).
So we can calculate a P-value for each functional category using binomial test based on the following three numbers: number of probe sets annotated to this functional category in user-input list, number of user-input list of probe sets and the probability of the functional category been annotated by a probe set.
By contrast with UniProtKB, which currently contains more than 9 million entries, Swiss-Prot will soon contain 500000 protein sequences, of which around half have been annotated by a team of curators that has devoted 600 person years to the task over a 23 year period [ 18] – an incredible human effort.
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Prophage regions have been annotated by an initial bioinformatic search using Prophagefinder [ 77] followed by manual evaluation of the candidate regions.
105 tokens were annotated by a second annotator.
For the case of increase(s), we used the data that we had labelled in the first part of this study the tag set that we used there included N oun), so we were able to retrieve hundreds of samples of both the singular and the plural form easily. 15% of the data (114 nominalization tokens) were annotated by a second annotator.
These spanned thousands of images (Table 1), with each stage being annotated by a set of 40 150 annotation terms.
A text corpus (CHEMDNER Corpusk) for training and evaluation purposes was annotated by a domain expert according to particular annotation rules for this task.
Based on the new criteria, a major annotation effort took place, in which 10 000 sentences taken from full-text articles and from biomedical abstracts were annotated by a team of eight independent, well-trained annotators (none of them is an author of this article).
It is annotated by a Professor Kinbote, whose slightly unbalanced foreword gives a hint of what's to come: his gloss on the poem is wildly at odds with what the verse seems to say, and introduces another level of reality that leaves us guessing.
Predicted cellulase ORFs from each clone were annotated by a BLASTp search.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com