The observations and scaling analysis presented by Fisher and Warpinski (2011) suggest that there is not enough HF fluid to propagate fractures upward across the thick bedrock intervals between deep black shales and shallow aquifers, contrary to speculation by others (Myers 2012; Rozell and Reaven 2012).
Much of Herm's bedrock is granite.
Because trees younger than 60 years detach negligible bedrock, short timber harvest intervals may limit the extent to which root systems penetrate bedrock and facilitate bedrock fracturing and biogeochemical weathering.
At GS-MSK-1 nearby TMP03 (see Fig. 1), a PS logging test was performed on July 28 , 2016 by Yoshimi et al. (2016, 2017) and revealed depth distribution for the P-wave and S-wave velocities with 50-cm interval to engineering bedrock as shown in center and right panels of Fig. 2.
We quantified pCO2 generally at 0.1 0.2 m depth intervals down to bedrock from 2008 to 2010 and in 2013.
Therefore, upward migration of HF fluid or brine would be controlled by natural vertical head gradients and would have to traverse a thick interval of low permeability bedrock in order to reach shallow groundwater.
Terraces occur as straths with bedrock bases positioned at 10 m altitudinal intervals up to 40 m (T1-T5) above the valley floor, becoming less common between 50 and 140 m.
Weathering profiles of the Bakhuis Mountains, Nassau Mountains, Lely Mountains and Brownsberg largely correspond to the classical sequence of an iron-rich cap on top of a bauxite layer that covers a clay-rich saprolite interval grading into weathered and fresh bedrock.
We propose these reaches represent knickpoints, which developed as regional uplift raised tributary bedrock channels above the local fluvial baselevel during glacial intervals, and migrated upstream as the fluvial system was re-established during interglacial periods.
By definition, Q is a transmissive attribute, similar to instantaneous and interval velocities; it indicates relative absorptive characteristics of bedrocks (Johnston et al. 1979; Toksoz et al. 1979; Johnston and Toksoz 1981).
