Memories dim and the chance of finding the "smoking gun" e-mail or recording that can help implicate a defendant in a fraudulent scheme becomes less likely with the passage of time.
In "The Teacher," one of her recent stories for The New Yorker, a woman living alone in upstate New York becomes friends with a fraudulent guru; perhaps because his ideas are nonsense, she finds herself making sense of her own life.
In 2005, retailers that had not yet signed up to chip and pin became liable for fraudulent transactions, as shoppers downed their pens and tapped in four-digit personal codes at pay points instead.
The Hoodlum Saint (1946), Taurog's first postwar project, offered William Powell as a con man whose fraudulent charity operation becomes genuine; his love interest was played by Esther Williams, who was better known for her water musicals.
In "Close-Up" (1990), Kiarostami, in semi-documentary mode, re-creates the true story of an unemployed dreamer — an ardent cinephile — who passes himself off as the director Mohsen Makhmalbaf, a fraudulent act that becomes both an homage and a fresh work of art.
His first opera of this type, The Medium (1946), was a tragedy about a medium who becomes a victim of her own fraudulent voices.
The fraudulent activity became a way of life in his office, and still no one noticed.
Since the existence of fraudulent credits became common knowledge late last year, many refiners have been bypassing the scores of small producers in favor of larger, household-name suppliers.
Reacting to several events in Venezuela she sees as unjust, such as Mr Maduro's "fraudulent" victory to become president, Ms Montero has recorded various protest versions of the national anthem.
After Miró's death in 1983, Mr. Dupin was empowered by Miró's family as the only person authorized to authenticate his work, which had become the frequent target of fraudulent copiers.
