These limbs extend and become differentiated, at which point – the late germband – embryos of different taxa start diverging from each other significantly and displaying taxon specific characters.
Are those programs, while they are still executing identical steps (ie before they have become differentiated due to random choices or different experiences), the same person or many different people?
An alternative explanation to account for the lack of inter-oceanic differentiation in skipjack tuna and yellowfin tuna, is that the time since population expansion began has not been sufficient to allow for the populations to become differentiated.
Because we used IL-7 as a marker of MSC in this setting, it is possible that transferred MSC can spread to many tissues including inflamed colonic mucosa to become differentiated cells but lose expression of IL-7.
It was found that PU-Au promoted EPCs to become differentiated endothelial cells in vitro, confirmed by the increased expressions of CD31 and VEGF-R2 surface markers.
Proliferation in the progenitor/stem cell niches depends on Cdk4 activity, being carefully downregulated within the niche and increasing when the progenitor cell enters in the so-called transit-amplifying state to become differentiated [47].
Another plastid trait which has evolved as higher and lower plants became multi-cellular organisms with defined cell types, was for the plastid to become differentiated into different plastid types in different types of plant cell.
Dense connective tissue had formed between the bone graft materials, and close to these materials, where fibrin was dense, osteoblasts, which had become differentiated from fibroblasts and had formed osteoid and then new bones (Fig. 5a, b).
The main pathway through which ESC-derived cells become differentiated cells involves the formation of embryoid bodies, thus denoted because of their similarity to the early postimplantation embryo.
PMA stimulates THP-1 cells to enter cell arrest via a Raf-MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway, after which they become differentiated [ 16, 23].
