The cpr-1, F52E1.5 and clc-1 genes are also predicted to be protective genes because they are induced upon infection [38], [39], [56].
Although all three MTs are strongly induced by Cd, at least MTT1 and MTT5 are multi-stress response proteins because they are induced by a range of environmental stressors (Figure 6, Table S2).
Because they are induced by fungi [2], bacteria [3], [4], viruses [5] and viroids [6], they are considered as pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, belonging to the PR-protein 9 subfamily [7].
These neurons have an advantage over free pool neurons because they are induced to spike, and therefore their afferent synapses from downstream neurons LTP at a higher rate than synapses onto pool neurons do.
Another limitation of the interpretation of our study is that insult-specific mediators defined by MA may reach statistically different levels not because they are necessarily primary drivers of ST or ST + HS, but perhaps because they are induced to the greatest degree or for the longest duration.
LC3 and IRGM up-regulation have been used to measure autophagy because they are induced in human AMs after NOD2 activation [ 14].
Population size fluctuations deserve particular attention in this context, because they are induced by reciprocal selection among the antagonists and, therefore, represent an inherent property of host-parasite coevolution - irrespective of additional environmental variation [ 7, 10, 27- 30].
It may be difficult to tell when a hembra is mature enough to breed because they are induced ovulators and don't have estrus cycles.
The three patients with HPV-negative/p16-positive cancers were excluded from further analyses because it was not known whether they were induced by an HPV type undetectable by the assay or were HPV negative (p16 upregulated through an HPV-unrelated pathway).
