The data from Palau and Saipan may have been affected by local tectonic movement because these islands belong to tectonically active regions, but further studies are needed to resolve the inconsistency.
Likewise, [11] relies on an optimistic assumption that the selected channels are independent, which is infeasible because these channels belong to an ordered SNR sequence, and thus are highly correlated [7].
In our model, selection on the offspring stage of generation t does not affect parental traits (generation t−1) because these individuals belong to different generations.
Because these genes belong to 24 different gene families, the proportion of miRNA gene families which seem to have been derived from protein-coding genes was estimated to be ∼11% (24/226).
Because these species belong to very different branches of the mammalian tree or the mutation events are obviously independent, we could map at least 7 independent losses (red points in Fig. 2A).
The revenues of surgery and surgery-related laboratory tests, medical imaging diagnoses and medications were deducted from the total patient revenue because these revenues belong to the department in which the surgery was performed.
All the I-like sequences of D. mojavensis and D. arizonae branch together with the sequence of D. virilis, as expected based on the species phylogeny because these species belong to the virilis– repleta radiation of the subgenus Drosophila suggesting a vertical inheritance of these sequences in this Drosophila radiation.
We chose to genotype non-carriers from the same families as the women participating in the study, because these women belong to the same ethnic and socioeconomic background and live in the same geographic area as the participants and are thus optimal controls.
Because these taxa belong to different subfamilies which have diverged early during grass diversification (Christin et al. 2008a; Vicentini et al. 2008), it is very likely that all nadpme-IV of grasses are expressed specifically in plastids and that this lineage was already active in plastids of C3 ancestral grasses.
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