Leaders are sometimes strained by what may be around the corner because their decisions are on the table.
HiPPOs can be deadly for businesses, because they base their decisions on ill-understood metrics at best, or on pure guesswork.
Cues must be included in scenarios, because individuals appropriately base their decisions on cues.
Because publicly available clinical trial results are nearly always aggregated (at the population level) rather than reported per patient, and because most decision makers base their decisions on such data, we limit the scope of this paper to systems and standards for the aggregate level.
We excluded from the analysis those migrants who were still in their original family (1509 cases) because their decision strongly depended on that of their parents.
Forbes breaks down its America's Best Colleges list into regions because many college-bound students base their decisions on location, proximity to home and culture.
GPs who approached PSA testing case by case generally agreed that overdiagnosis statistics do not, or cannot, apply to individuals; "those like statistical issues don't apply to the individual…because…they make their decisions on a set of complex, but perhaps irrational basis, you know, anxiety and…" (GP7).
Because their decision was apparently based on nonmedical reasons, we followed them up by telephone calls and used their survival data as a control in this analysis.
This may result in logic-based decision by the patient, because their treatment decisions are no longer based on a particular bias that a patient or physician may have.
However, because market participants must base their trading decisions on imperfect knowledge, asset price swings can sometime become excessive and lead to misallocations of capital.
