All are chromosomal mutations because our interest is in the effects of these mutations on the fitness of the bacterial genotype itself, not the fitness of a plasmid on which the mutation arises.
Because the strain in which the mutation arose develops type 1 diabetes, there was a danger of losing the mutant stocks, so we introgressed the str mutation onto the nondiabetic strain, BALB/c.
It is more likely that the mutation arose spontaneously because Victoria's father was over 50 at the time of her conception and haemophilia arises more frequently in the children of older fathers.
When the mutation arose, it was passed down invisibly from pigeon to pigeon.
If a beneficial mutation has not spread throughout an entire population, one possible interpretation is that the mutation arose relatively recently in the population's history.
While each mDEL1 clone has a very small probability of generating a visible colony within 6 days, many such clones are initiated because this mutation arises at a high rate.
Perhaps the mutations arise from mis-splicing of mRNA, or during genomic integration of gencDNAs.
The mutations arise rarely and primarily in the adult testis.
(A) If a detrimental mutation arises, the mutated cell will die and the mutation will not be propagated in culture.
The simulations begin in the first generation after a point mutation arises in the population.
