Sentence examples for because the effective population from inspiring English sources

Then, pathogenic but neutral or almost neutral genes in ancient environments could be fixed at a high frequency close to 1 by genetic drift (because the effective population size might be much smaller and the effects of genetic drift might be predominant in ancient times) and can be sustained by mutation-selection balance today.

Genetic Allee effects may be relevant in small, introduced populations because the effective population size is expected to be depressed for longer than the census size or density (Fig. 1).

In mtDNA, the MRCA is expected to be more recent because the effective population size is only one fourth of the genomic one (maternal and haploid), thus coalescence processes are expected to progress faster.

The efficiency of selection is greater in chimpanzees than in humans because the effective population size of chimpanzees is twice that of humans [24], [25].

Because the effective population size in ancient times might be much smaller than now, pathogenic but neutral alleles could have been fixed by genetic drift.

The risk of false positives owing to stratification is particularly high in mtDNA studies because the effective population size of this marker is lower than autosomal ones, and therefore mtDNA variability is more deeply structured in human populations.

Similarly, background selection can lead to elevated FST, particularly in regions of low recombination, because it decreases the effective population size experienced by linked loci [ 54], although the locus under selection itself is expected to exhibit reduced FST.

Whether HIV-1 evolution in infected individuals is dominated by deterministic or stochastic effects remains unclear because current estimates of the effective population size of HIV-1 in vivo, Ne, are widely varying.

This is because mass reduction to the effective population size of T. tambroides in this area would therefore lead to large reductions in both mitochondrial and microsatellite variations.

This is because in this model the effective population sizes of the X chromosome and autosomes are equal before, during and after the bottleneck, which leads to identical expected coalescence histories.

As is have argued in sections III and IV, bottlenecks such as in the case seen for island (or lake) colonisation will contribute very significantly to promoting speciation because the reduction in the effective population size will result in a decrease in mutation loads, hence lifting the safeguard against further events of speciation.