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Blood samples were not collected from 3 centenarians and 1 subject in group F because of refusal or impossibility of the subjects.
Forty-eight patients did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy because of refusal or unsuitability.
Of all subjects attending follow-up (n = 831), three were not cognitively tested because of refusal or physical disability.
Four patients in both arms of treatment were unevaluable for response because of refusal or being lost to follow-up.
Furthermore, the phone use of those who did not complete even the nonresponse questionnaire (e.g., because of refusal or death) is unknown, adding further uncertainty to the extent of the overall bias.
Similar(55)
This is problematic, because there is no benchmark rate of refusal or withdrawal against which interventions can be compared.
Forty patients (25%) were not interviewed because of refusal, non-availability or death.
Replacement of selected participants because of refusal to participate or inability to be located was not allowed.
After excluding 21 subjects because of refusal to participate or incomplete data, data from a total of 1654 subjects (846 boys and 808 girls) were analyzed.
Planned intervention elements may not have been completed because of refusal by patients or logistical problems so a subgroup analysis was conducted on the 228 patients with HF who received at least one intervention element.
Some limitations of our study include possible exposure misclassification, misclassification of mild skin lesions, lack of confirmation of recovered cases by an independent physician, and selection bias due to individuals who were not included in the follow-up because of refusal to participate or loss to follow-up.
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because of technique or
because of conflict or
because of spoilage or
because of maintenance or
because of expertise or
because of lighting or
because of race or
because of ideology or
because of bitterness or
because of inertia or
because of neglect or
because of shame or
because of money or
because of ignorance or
because of sickness or
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com