Sentence examples for because of population structure from inspiring English sources

However, false-positive associations between markers and phenotypes may arise in GWAS because of population structure and cryptic relatedness.

An indirect way is if the polymorphisms are merely associated (correlated) with the phenotype because of population structure.

In this study however, we used a polygenic model that included the genomic relationship matrix that should have removed any statistical anomalies arising because of population structure.

Cheats were presumably unable to exploit these aggregations because of population structure: biofilm growth mode could exclusively favour cooperators by increasing relatedness [ 18].

Despite the advantages of GWAS in pinpointing genetic polymorphisms underlying traits, this approach may incur inflated false-positive findings because of population structure [ 28, 40, 41].

However, linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping may generate false-positive results because of population structure (Atwell et al. 2010), although statistical methods to control for population structure have been developed (Yu et al. 2006; Shriner et al. 2007).

Both correlation tests (Mantel and Rν) can be non-significant for two reasons: either because of an absence of population structure or because the two loci compared reveal different population structures.

Principal components analysis (PCA) is not optimal for the analysis of population structure because it maximizes total genetic variation but does not account for underlying genetic structure (Jombart et al. 2010).

The study also showed that it may be difficult to distinguish between true association and false positives because of the confounding effect of population structure (see also Bierne et al. 2011).

This accuracy may decrease as the level of population structure increases, because we do not incorporate population structure in our model for estimation.

To investigate population structure, close markers that were in LD were first eliminated because these might cause a bias in the estimation of population structure.