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This, we suspect, is because of negative confounding.
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The results of both studies suggest the presence of negative confounding [ 26], because the adjusted point estimates were higher than the crude ones.
The possibility of negative confounding by SES and breastfeeding history was examined but dismissed.
This finding of negative confounding is consistent with the hypothesis that the association with mercury is obscured in children simultaneously exposed to DHA because the DHA helps improve their cognitive performance.
Our results were likely strengthened because of strong negative confounding by NO2 and (to some extent) by SO2.
Thus, we incorporated omega-3 fatty acids into our modeling because of the potential for negative confounding (Choi et al. 2008).
Non-existence of the risk, negative confounding, weak exposure or low study-power may explain the negative findings.
The negative confounding of percent density with BMI was entirely because of a positive correlation of BMI with absolute nondense area (Haars et al, 2005).
The magnitude of the negative associations increased with adjustment for covariates, indicating negative confounding of the unadjusted estimates.
Observational studies may overestimate treatment effects because of confounding; minimizing confounding is the principal reason for doing randomized trials.
The latter result may explain the long-observed negative confounding of breast density and BMI.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com