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Delayed time to pregnancy because of miscarriage caused by PFAS exposure would not be detected.
Among the 514 pregnant women who composed the initial cohort, 10 were excluded because of miscarriage, stillbirth, relocation, or voluntary withdrawal from the study before follow-up.
Twelve women were excluded from the analysis because of miscarriage (3), voluntary withdrawal (2), or incomplete data collection defined as completing fewer than 50% of study blood draws (7).
Of the 248 women willing to participate, we were unable to review the medical charts of 43 infants for the following reasons: 10 (4.0%) moved to another village, 14 (5.6%) were adopted in another village, 11 (4.4%) because of miscarriage or perinatal mortality, and 8 (3.2%) because the mother withdrew from the study.
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Because of abortion and miscarriage, pregnancies don't always result in birth.
However, modern historians, noting Suetonius, Tacitus and Cassius Dio's possible bias against Nero and the likelihood that they did not have eyewitness accounts of private events, postulate that Poppaea may have died because of complications of miscarriage or childbirth.
Because the etiology of miscarriage varies according to gestational age, 22 an association between corticosteroid exposure and early but not late miscarriage is an important finding.
The second trimester is generally regarded as the best time for surgical intervention because the risk of miscarriage is lower [ 10, 11].
This provides unpaid leave where a woman's pregnancy ends after 12 weeks because of a miscarriage, termination or stillbirth.
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) recommends that women avoid alcohol altogether for the first three months of pregnancy, because of the risk of miscarriage, and to stick to no more than one or two units, once or twice a week for the remainder of the pregnancy.
The article failed to mention that many pregnant women, even those at high risk of carrying a Down syndrome fetus, refuse amniocentesis and its attendant risk of miscarriage because they refuse to consider the "therapeutic" destruction of an unborn child because of an expected disability.
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