This property was not noticed before because for many species with point centromeres, the trough is not the lowest one on the chromosome.
Because selection for species recognition can influence intraspecific discrimination [36] [38], determining how the underlying processes are related will enable us to better understand how the evolution of one can influence the evolution of the other.
We lumped large patches and core areas for this analysis because, for these small species, population size is likely equivalently large in the large patches and the core areas, and because the numbers of sites were relatively small for core areas (n = 2) and large patches (n = 3).
This is because the opportunity for species displacement from the centre of origin increases with time.
We did not use other risk indices, such as the IUCN categories, because we sought for species that could not be actually threatened at this time, but to which attention should be paid as their biological traits intrinsically predispose them to extinction.
We used a genus-level phylogeny because there is little topological resolution for species and because most N-fixing genera contain only N-fixing species.
The distinction is not so clear yet because for some species several strains were sequenced (e.g. L. lactis, S. thermophilus) while for many species only a single strain was sequenced to date.
Also, it is easy to find predictions that are present in two distant regions of the species tree, because for each region, a block of similar colors is shown.
Fish body size was important in detecting a response to added SWD because for two species, only certain size classes responded: adults of P. grandiceps (>50 mm TL) and juveniles of G. marmoratus (<123 mm TL).
Study 1 was incomplete in that it lacked both non-heated oospore and sporangia/zoospore treatments for Phytophthora pluvialis because, for this species, these propagules were not always produced consistently when required.
