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Because data were anonymous and collected as daily counts, no informed consent was needed.
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The requirement for informed consent was waived because all data were anonymous and collected retrospectively.
Because all data were anonymous and collected retrospectively, the Institutional Review Board of Jinling Hospital waived the need for informed consent.
This study did not require the approval of an Ethics Committee because the data were anonymous.
Ethical approval in the Netherlands was not requested because the data were anonymous and from a routine database.
There was no requirement for informed consent because all samples and data were anonymous.
Patient data were anonymous.
Data were anonymous.
Data were anonymous and confidential.
All collected data were anonymous.
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