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In 2008 Nicholas P. Robins and colleagues at the Australian National University in Acton claimed to be the first to have generated a continuous atom-laser beam from a rubidium BEC cloud that was continuously supplied with new atoms pumped in from a physically separate cloud.
(A BEC is a clump of atoms that are all in the same quantum state and hence act as a single "super atom").
In the case of atoms with zero or integral intrinsic spin (atoms called bosons), the cooling creates a state of matter known as a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC).
Thorsten Schumm and associates at the Vienna University of Technology constructed so-called atom chips blocks of material with microscopic wire structures to manipulate ultracold gases that were able to perform BEC operations such as splitting one condensate into two parts that could then be held in place.
Although it had been predicted for decades, the first atomic BEC was made only in 1995, when Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman of JILA, a research institution jointly operated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology NISTT) and the University of Colorado at Boulder, cooled a gas of rubidium atoms to 1.7 × 10−7 K above absolute zero.
The expanded condensate was illuminated with laser light and the resulting shadow of the cloud was imaged, digitized, and stored.[2] Figure 5. False color images of the velocity distribution of the rubidium BEC cloud (from the left): just before the appearance of the condensate, just after the appearance of the condensate, and after further evaporation has left a sample of nearly pure condensate.
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In both of these examples, a coherent, BEC-based atomic beam would improve precision massively.That would be good.
Minchin said: "He did this bec- ause he's scared of the ranty, shit-stirring, right-wing press, and of the small minority of Brits who bel- ieve they have a right to go through life protected from anything that challenges them in any way".
The footage also shows a stroke victim, Bec Schmidt, struggling up the stairs with the help of her partner and an elderly woman with a hip replacement on the opposite side of the stairs.
The video was shot by Fiona Jordan, a child support officer, and was intended to show how difficult it was for stroke victim Bec Schmidt to get on and off the platform at her local station.
Its major tributary is the Allier, which joins the Loire at Le Bec d'Allier.
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