The extent of Arctic sea-ice, as measured at its minimum in September, is decreasing at a rate of about 14% per decade, which is likely reducing polar bears' access to seals.
A reduction of the sea ice in the Hudson Bay area has reduced the bears' access to ringed seals, resulting in reduced body condition and lowered natality in the polar bears (Stirling et al. 1999).
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Other studies have found that female bears with access to whitebark pine seeds give birth to more cubs.
Thinner sea ice tends to deform more easily, which appears to make it more difficult for polar bears to access seals.
Further, many of the same traits that cause bears to be dominant predators of salmon, including their mobility, opportunism, and relative abundance in coastal landscapes, are likely related to the exploitation of other marine and intertidal organisms, including whale carcasses [ 17], clams, crabs, and barnacles [ 18, 19] by bears that access intertidal ecosystems.
Workflows of analyses are available at https://usegalaxy.org/u/talesdemileto/h/polar-bear (last accessed February 22 , 2014.
When Lynn Rogers, a biologist who has worked with Minnesota black bears for 40 years, radio-tracked bears with easy access to human food, he still found bears working day and night for wild calla leaves a short distance away.
