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The oldest is the beam and girder system, whose form was derived from wood and steel construction: slabs rest on beams, beams rest on girders, and girders rest on columns in a regular pattern.
a S1-group beams: Beams strengthened in flexure b S2-group beams: Beams strengthened in flexure and shear.
Virgin beams, beams subjected to four freeze-thaw cycles, and aging beams were tested by mean of a constant creep load using BBR.
For the 0600 00 and 0600 12 UT scans, shown in panels (a) and (b), only some of the beams (beams 12 to 15 and beams 1 to 13, respectively) have data because the radar changed operation mode at 0600 12 UT.
To detect echoes from the ionosphere over the Sea of Okhotsk, the FOV is covered with 16 narrow oblique beams (beams 0, 1, 2, …, 15; each two-way horizontal beam width of about 3.5° at 11 MHz) over an azimuth sector of 52°.
This feature has been achieved without compromising the ion-optical functions of the beam-transport system that is capable of handling non-symmetric beams (beams with different emittances in vertical and horizontal plane), pencil-beam scanning, double-achromatic optics and beam-size control.
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The crack patterns of SCC and VC shear beams beam are shown in Figs. 22 25.
The FOV is covered with 16 narrow beams (beam numbers 0, 1, 2, …, 15) over an azimuth sector of 52°.
Figure 1 illustrates the principle of DB-OCA, where the sample is scanned by two beams, beam-1 and beam-2, having the same scanning speed.
The 7- and 9-beam lasercombs (HairMax LaserComb®, Lexington International, LLC) emit 7 or 9 red laser beams (beam diameter <5 mm) at a wavelength of 655 nm (±5 %).
The third beam (Beam-0°/90°/45°) had three layers.
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