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Drilled GFRP plates were made ready to be adhered to beam side surface.
In the other 3 test specimens, GFRP plates were adhered to beam side surfaces.
After the GFRP plates were adhered to beam side surface and those plates were fixed with anchorage bolts, the strengthening process was completed and the beams to be tested were made ready to be placed in the loading system.
Our work shows that the ultrasonic transducer which has broad bandwidth, good acoustic impedance matching ability and small acoustic beam side lobe effect can be achieved based on the proposed Gaussian piezoelectric composites.
The studied connection detailing arrangements consist of continuity plate arrangements, such as straight or inclined continuity plates, coverplate, flange plate connections, and the haunch connection system on the shallow beam side, which can create some alternatives for the connection of the shallow beam and the deep beam to the column.
Furthermore, strengthened beams by side NSM bars with end anchorage embedded horizontally in the confined portion of the beam cross section showed significant improvement in the load carrying capacity of the strengthened beams compared to those with end anchorage embedded vertically in the concrete cover of the beam side.
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The bonding-enclosed and pre-stressed U-shaped steel jackets were applied at the beam sides.
Bulging initiated in proximity of the loading knife and occurred on both beam sides followed by crushing of concrete (Fig. 5c, d).
Additionally, apart from the main beam, ultrasound probes emit secondary beams (side lobes) propagating radially from the center of the main beam.
Lay the two pine beams side by side, resting on the narrow (2-inch wide) edge.
In the lowest frequency mode, the whole beam bows side to side.
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