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A novel method is presented for annealing of CdTe using a high-power diode laser (35 W, 808 nm) for thermal post-processing, combined with holographic optical elements (HOE's) for laser beam heat flow control.
This paper deals with optimal electron beam heat distribution on the HELCZA experiment while calculating flatness of the heat input distribution and distribution of surface temperature for various samples.
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The beam heats the plasma to fusion temperatures and also generates fusions in its initial collision with the hot gas.
A wall thickness of 3 μm causes little beam heating in the skimmer.
Since the beam current for the here discussed dehydrogenation experiments is uncommonly small, no significant beam heating can be expected.
The question of the mechanism of the electron beam damage could be answered by first considering beam heating.
A 10 μm tip thickness is already causing significant beam heating, and a 100 μm wall is simply bad.
The cooling system supports removal of up to 250 W of beam heating removal.
It is proposed to simulate the proton beam heating of the window with a plasma heat source.
At the rear of the substrate, a 20-nm-thick Al2O3 was evaporated also by means of electron beam heating for rear passivation [7].
Compression generated either by electron beam heating or by shrinkage of CNT walls is observed to be a decisive factor.
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