Post-PCR, the emulsion is broken to recover the beads, which are subsequently labeled with a fluorescent hybridization probe and read by conventional flow-cytometry.
Adaptor sequences were ligated to fragmented cDNA, which were subsequently immobilized on beads.
Linker-ligated DNA was pooled, denatured, and hybridized to biotinylated microsatellite oligonucleotide mixes, which were subsequently captured on magnetic streptavidin beads (Dynabeads M-280; Invitrogen, Carlsbad, California, USA), and remaining DNA was washed away.
Second round amplifications were conducted in five separate reactions, which were subsequently pooled, cleaned up using the AMPure XP magnetic bead method (Beckman Coulter, MA, USA), and quantified using the Qubit dsDNA HS Assay Kit (Life Technologies, New York, USA).
Properties of polymer beads which were less brittle than glass beads allowed it to pack together, thus would reduce the thickness of its layer compared to glass beads.
DNA in the chromatin state is wrapped around consecutive histone octamers, creating a "beads-on-a-string" fiber which is subsequently folded into higher-order structures [ 3, 4].
The initial 20 μg of total RNA was purified using polydT conjugated beads to extract polyA-tagged mRNA, which was subsequently cleaved into ~200 bp fragments by treatment with divalent cations at 75°C.
Reduced keratin aqueous solution was mixed with dried calcium alginate beads and was lyophilized to give keratin/calcium alginate complex, which was subsequently treated with EDTA solution to leach out calcium alginate beads.
Yttrium-stabilized zirconia beads with a nominal size ranging from 50 µm to 800 µm were used in the baseline process, which was subsequently intensified with the optimal bead size by increasing rotor tip speed, bead loading, and suspension flow rate stepwise, as guided by a microhydrodynamic model.
